Liberate Public Schools
 
xii
Introduction:  Anatomy of
Carlin v. Board of Education
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June 28, 1976

Crawford v. Board of Education, 17 Cal.3d 280 (Crawford I). Transformed Jackson dictum into constitutional doctrine as to both de jure and de facto segregation in California schools.
 

March 10, 1977

Carlin

After a hearing and determination (upon the complaint by the Carlin Plaintiff-Class) that the Defendant School Board had “failed to take some reasonably feasible steps to alleviate school segregation and the harms inflicted by such (de facto) segregation,” the Court issued a Writ of Mandate commanding the Board —

  1. to present a “detailed plan to further alleviate racial segregation” in 23 named schools;
  2. to implement “some portion of the plan during the school year 1977-78 and to designate target dates for the operation of those portions of the plan, if any, that are to be implemented at a later date;” and
  3. to “serve and file a return to this Writ on or before June 13, 1977.”
     

November 6, 1979

Proposition 1 amended California Constitution (Sec. 7(a), Art. 1) to apply federal decisional law to disallow judicial pupil school assignment or pupil transportation to racially balance school districts not found to have caused de jure segregation.
 

December 15, 1980

Carlin

Groundswell, an association of persons, along with six District students and their parents, intervened in opposition to court-ordered race balancing in the District schools, in behalf of similarly situated students, parents, and citizen-taxpayers. This opposition was presented formally at a hearing on July 16, 1981, and was reiterated throughout the pendency of the case. The White enrollment had declined to 55.4 percent.Next
 


Jackson Jackson v. Pasadena City School Dist., 59 Cal.2d 876 (1963)
Pasadena, California
 
Carlin   Carlin v. Board of Education, San Diego Unified School District, San Diego Superior Court No. 303800 (1967-1998)
San Diego, California
 
Crawford I Crawford v. Board of Education, 17 Cal.3d 280 (1976)
[related to Bustop & Board of Ed., etc.]
Los Angeles, California
 
Carlin Board of Education v. Superior Court, 61 Cal.App.4th 411 (Feb.1998)
[conclusion of Carlin
v. Board of Education]
San Diego, California
     
          Liberate: Anatomy, pages xi - xvi — PreviousNext

Liberate Public Schools from Government by Lawsuit Contents
by Elmer Enstrom, Jr. - a pro bono struggle against Outline
racially balancing public school students — in a 30-year lawsuit.
    
www.Enstrom-Foundation.org
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